Restaurant Business Plan Essay

Chapter 1 Rooftop Restaurant and Lounge will enter into a market with perfect competition. With perfect competition Rooftop Restaurant and Lounge will have an infinite number of consumers with the willingness and ability to buy our products at a certain price. It would also have an infinite amount of producers with the willingness and ability to supply the products at a certain price. Rooftop Restaurant and Lounge is a new fine dining restaurant and lounge located on LaGrange Road in Orland Park. Rooftop Restaurant and Lounge will target both fun-seeking as well as sophisticated diners looking for great food in a fascinating atmosphere. Our Rooftop will offer 360 degree views with a unique outdoor terrace. Rooftop Restaurant and Lounge will seek to earn 85% gross margins through an innovative and creative setting, a great menu, and the best service. Five Factors of Production: Start up costs and all financing of Rooftop Restaurant and Lounge will be funded by the owner Kevin Lentz. Rooftop Restaurant and Lounge would be situated on a busy intersection in Orland Park. This would be new construction: building Rooftop Restaurant and Lounge from the ground up. Rooftop Restaurant and Lounge would first have to hire a construction company to build the establishment. Once the building was complete and up to code, Rooftop Restaurant and Lounge would hire its staff and purchase inventory. Rooftop Restaurant and Lounge focuses on local and tourist active restaurant seekers, with special focus on young adults with a $20-30,000 a year income and a desire for good food with a fascinating atmosphere. According to Orland Park’s demographics from the United States Census Bureau we generally know the characteristics of our target market. Our personal crowd would consist of young adults (ages 20-29) and adults (ages 30-50), both male and female, usually at least one year of college if not already fully graduated. Our geographics include people from the local Orland Park area, people from neighboring cities, and tourists from other states and countries. Chapter 2 Restaurants rack up one of the most costly environmental bills in the retail world. Fortunately, there are ways restaurants can go green on more than just their menus. Rooftop Restaurant and Lounge will be a Certified Green Restaurant. Some Certified Green Restaurants save thousands of dollars by cutting energy, water, and waste. They appeal to environmentally concerned Americans and those who are health conscious. How will Rooftop Restaurant and Lounge be environmentally friendly and socially responsible? Walking into Rooftop Restaurant and Lounge you’ll find recycled wood panels, eco-friendly flooring, and zero use of VOC (Volatile Organic Compound) paints. We will fill our facility with Energy Star qualified equipment and compact fluorescent lighting that produces 75 percent less energy and heat. Clients can also enjoy unique creations like crispy Thai trout tacos, original vegan Championburgers, or mango-guava fruit shakes. Rooftop restaurant and Lounge takes flavor seriously, backing up its meals and drinks with a 100% Taste Guarantee. If you don’t like your meal or drink they will happily whip you up something else or give you your money back. Rooftop Restaurant and Lounge serves Certified Humane, hormone-free meat and prepares their meals with only 100 percent organic ingredients. A 100 percent organic menu also offers tempting sandwiches, desserts, beer, and wine. Rather than using cheaper ingredients, the company splurges a little to buy quality foods that are ta stier and more nutritious. Rooftop Restaurant and Lounge also offsets 100 percent of their energy use by purchasing certificates for renewable wind power. Besides constructing their building out of recycled materials, Rooftop Restaurant and Lounge still bases its business on integrity. Rooftop Restaurant and Lounge pays their employees fair wages and benefits. By going green, restaurants can often earn more green. Chapter 3 What is the intended form of ownership? Rooftop Restaurant and Lounge is a sole-proprietorship business owned in majority by its founder and president Kevin Lentz. The owner is also personally responsible for all debts and liabilities incurred by the business. A sole proprietor can own the business for any duration of time and sell it when he or she sees fit. As owner, a sole proprietor can even pass a business down to his or her heirs. A sole proprietor has complete control and decision-making power over the business. A sole proprietor has minimal start up legal fees and NO corporate tax payments. Sole proprietors receive all income generated by the business to keep or reinvest. The owner pays taxes on income from the business as part of his or her personal income tax payments. All responsibilities and business decisions fall on the shoulders of the sole proprietor. The sole proprietor of the business can be held personally liable for the debts and obligations of the business. Additionally, this risk extends to any liabilities incurred as a result of acts committed by employees of the company. Most sole proprietors rely on loans and personal assets to initially finance their business. Rooftop Restaurant and Lounge will choose to incorporate once the business has started to grow. Chapter 4 Assuming Rooftop Restaurant and Lounge will have international operations: Rooftop Restaurant and Lounge will have a second location in Cancun, Mexico located in the heart of Cancun’s Hotel Zone. At this location Rooftop Restaurant and Lounge will have exquisite Mexican decor and outstanding Mexican cuisine. There are multitude of different kinds of organizational structures in international business for instance, one particular structure may require a substantially different plan of coordinating the activities of any given individual or organization. Independent Agent: An independent agent can be defined as an international individual or company who works with an exporter to represent the organization in question best interests in an international destination. Often these agents will take on the roles of being a sales representative. They offer the exporters goods, obtain payments by the purchaser, and as well work to ensure that the exporter’s clients are absolutely satisfied with the goods received. These agents will often have a wide variety of clients or firms who often do not specialize in any specified product or market. For example, Levi Strauss employs agents all across the world specifically in small countries found within these continents, South America, Africa, and Asia. Licensing arrangement: A licensing arrangement can be defined as an agreement in which an owner of a particular good will allow another company to manufacture sell and or market this good or service for a fee and or royalty. These companies will often grant interested parties or businesses in foreign destination exclusive rights to produce and or supply their goods in that particular market. The exporter will receive royalties as well any associated fees. These royalties will usually be determined as a percentage of the licensee’s total revenues. Branch offices: A branch office can be defined as a place in which an exporting company will establish themselves within a foreign nation in order to offer their products more effectively to that foreign market. In most cases exporting firms will just employ current top managers within their organization and will send these managers over to this foreign destination to establish a new branch office. This branch office will act to provide this organization with a greater public image. It is believed that consumers will feel more confident about any particular company’s product or service. Strategic alliance: A strategic alliance is where a company in which two or more individuals or businesses will merge their resources together in order to tackle a specified, mutually beneficial project. Both parties will agree to participate equally in investing resources into this new venture thus forming the alliance. Out of all the International organizational structures to choose from, Rooftop Restaurant and Lounge in Cancun, Mexico will be a branch office. This business model is treated as an extension of its parent company which means that it should only conduct the activities performed by the main office in Orland Park, Illinois. Having a branch office provides several advantages to any foreign company including the ability to conduct business in Mexico, explore more business opportunities and directly interact with its local distributors and agents. While this business model has several advantages, foreign companies should realize that there are some arrangements and requirements that may not be beneficial on their part. For example, foreign companies do not enjoy limited liability which means that they are responsible for all the losses and debts of their branch office which is considered as their legal extension. Another disadvantage is that a branch office, being a non-resident business entity, is not eligible for local tax benefits and exemptions. Lastly, this business model is prohibited to engage in business activities that are not performed by its parent company. Chapter 5 Mission Statement: Rooftop Restaurant and Lounge is a business that envelopes fine dining of unique healthy taste and an excellent rooftop atmosphere. The mission is not only to have great tasting food, but have efficient and friendly service. Our dining environment is not only welcoming and sophisticated, it is unique in design, with glass ceilings and windows on almost all sides of the rooftop. After dining in, customers can enjoy the outdoor terrace and garden views. We concentrate on customer satisfaction and quality food that is always fresh and 100 percent organic. We want the Rooftop Restaurant and Lounge to be the place people can enjoy a tasty, healthy meal and meet new friends. It is our goal to provide a great work environment and treat employees with dignity and respect. Rooftop Restaurant and Lounge wants to build lasting relationships with the guests, contribute positively to communities and our environment. Rooftop Restaurant and Lounge recognizes that profitability is key to our future success .

Apples Don’t Fall to Far from the Tree

Tree In every family there things that some family members have in common and there are some things that they don't. My family Is one of them, starting from my dad to my mom, my 14 year old sister next to my 6 year old sister; there has to be some things we have in common and some things we don't. Starting with my dad since he is the head of the household as my family says. Something we have In common is the fact that we both enjoy watching college football. Our favorite team is the wolverines from University of Michigan.We can stay up all night watching college football but the other family members hate watching football. They don't quite get It the way my dad and I do. Also my dad has to live with all girls so I think its best that he has someone to watch football with him. Another thing my dad and I have in common is the choice of our favorite animal which Is the African elephant. My dad collects paintings and knick-knacks. He gave me a stuffed animal that is an elephant from Kore a where he was stationed for the army when he was in college and I was a newborn and I still eve that stuffed animal till this day and I called it Allele.Some dislikes that we have Is our cooking skills. My dad is a personal chef and he owns his catering business and he works at a restaurant. I on the other hand can't cook to save my live so we definitely don't have that In common. People say that I am the spitting Image of my mother. And majority of them are correct, that is something I have in common with my mother. But we also have some dislikes as well. For example she once was a cheerleader In high school.I on the other hand will never be a cheerleader, the only thing is I tried cheerleaders in fourth grade and disliked it; I am more of a dancer rather than a cheerleader. But we both are volleyball players she played in high school and so am l. My two sisters are people that you either like or don't, there Is no in-between. My younger sister her name is Kenned but we call her Z oe which is her middle name. She is 14 years old and we are 2 years apart, she is my dad's clone which I am my mom's so that's something we don't have in common.Some things we have in common though are the way we think. By this I mean that we can sit in a room and it would be dead silent and we read each other's eyes and know what each other are thinking about. My other sister her name Is Trinity and she Is six years old and something we have in common are our eyes. The shape of our eyes most people say look like cat eyes. In conclusion my is the type of family that you either dislike or like you can't live without them so It's a matter of 50/50 one day Its good next day Is a mystery.Apples Don't Fall to Far from the Tree By polysyllables are some things that they don't. My family is one of them, starting from my dad to my we have in common and some things we don't. Starting with my dad since he is the head of the household as my family says. Something we have in common is the fact other family members hate watching football. They don't quite get it the way my dad of our favorite animal which is the African elephant. My dad collects paintings and have that stuffed animal till this day and I called it Elli.Some dislikes that we have is he works at a restaurant. I on the other hand can't cook to save my live so we definitely don't have that in common. People say that I am the spitting image of my cheerleader in high school. I on the other hand will never be a cheerleader, the only school and so am l. My two sisters are people that you either like or don't, there is no other are thinking about. My other sister her name is Trinity and she is six years old like you can't live without them so it's a matter of 50/50 one day its good next day is a

Affordable Care Act immigrants Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Affordable Care Act immigrants - Research Paper Example In the past decades, many Americans remained uninsured due to the expensive nature of insurance, and largely due to the poor and unfair code of conduct of many insurance companies. For example, the insurance companies could withdraw or rescind a person’s coverage just because they are suffering from heart diseases, diabetes or other long term chronic illnesses (Fernandez-Kelly and Portes 54). The companies also discriminated against the children, denying a majority of them the coverage they were warranted. Young unemployed adults also had a rough time as the companies sidelined them and denied them insurance. However, the Affordable Care Act has made things better and more affordable for people (Dolgin and Dieterich 46). It is a chance to fix the trust that was earlier broken as the terms of the ACA demand better services and programs from the insurance companies. Not only has it reduced the costs of insurance charged by the companies but has also reduced the much discrimination that the companies practiced earlier. Important to note is that ACA is a combination of two legislations, the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act and the Health Care and Education Reconciliation Act (signed in 2010) (Le-May 24). With this combination, the ACA serves to increase and expand the Medicaid coverage to the many low income earners in America, and greatly improving the Children’s’ Health Insurance Program. Therefore, in a summarized way, the ACA legislation seeks to expand Medicaid coverage to all Americans, give a chance for people to enjoy a variety and choose from diverse services, promote quality healthcare for all people and lastly, ensure that insurance companies remain accountable to thei r customers, conducting their businesses in a transparent and fair manner (Le-May 40; Bustamante, 320). However, the number of people who are uninsured

Political Science and Social Media Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Political Science and Social Media - Essay Example This paper aims to understand the role of social media in projecting politics in the society and how social media can help in the field of political science to understand the political activities. The subjects such as politics have always been institutions for which a person needed to have an intellect to actually talk about. In other words, it could be said that political discussion did not interest youth in earlier decades. It was mainly because politics were never done on a ground level where socialization of people was to take on its toll. In addition, it has always been noted that the political campaigns and stigma was not discussed and free. With the advent of social media network through the web 2.0, it has become obvious that common people are even potential to change the way people percept about the political issue (Amerland). Social media networking has been used as a tool by many politicians to gain publicity. It will not be incorrect to state that most of the contemporary movements have been passed with the help of social media networking. As noted by the authors, the winning campaign of Barack Obama and the driving rights for women in Arab were basically become voice of common men with the help of social media network (Harfoush). Taking the case of Barack Obama where he used a couple of groups on Facebook to interact with youth so that he could actually tell them about the changes that he can bring. This needed questioning back by the youth. It should be noted that social media network is a two way communication where the update on status and a thread of messages by twitting, it became obvious that leaders like Barack Obama were real and can answer all the questions of common men. This makes it quiet easier to understand that politics becomes easier when leaders are communication with the common men. After

Supply chain Theory of Zara fashion retail shop Essay

Supply chain Theory of Zara fashion retail shop - Essay Example As regards its overall operations, production in a global apparel chain is claimed to be highly fragmented, as large-cross border flows of apparel is used to ensure cheap labor and inputs (Ghemawat & Nueno, 2006). In this regard, about 30% of global apparel production is concentrated in developing countries. Proximity is therefore taken into consideration when determining the firm’s production hubs in order to reduce shipping costs and lags. Playing a crucial role in managing steady production are trading companies that orchestrate the physical flows of apparel from factories in exporting countries to retailers in importing countries. Aside from this, the increasing number of retailers (primarily in the U.S. and E.U.) has increased the demand for cheaper labor in these developing countries. It has also promoted a system called quick response (QR) which is targeted to â€Å"improving coordination between retailing and manufacturing as it helps retailers reduce forecast errors and inventory risks by planning assortments closer to the selling season, probing the market, placing smaller initial orders and reordering more frequently† (Ghemawat & Nueno, 2006, p. 2). II. ... hat merchandise is produced and distributed at the right quantities, to the right locations, and at the right time, in order to minimize system-wide costs while satisfying service level requirements† (Rogers, 2001, p. 1). Another definition describes supply chain management as the working together of â€Å"inter-connected participating companies that add value to a stream of transformed inputs from their source of origin to the end products or services that are demanded by the designated end-consumers† (Lu, 2011). Some significant conceptual implications can be drawn from these two related definitions. For one, supply chain management takes into consideration every activity that has an impact on production cost and consumer’s product acceptability: from procurement of raw materials to its distribution and sales models. Secondly, supply chain management is aimed at making internal activities efficient and cost-effective (while being able to deliver its intended val ue to the customers). Lastly, the integrative approach to handling supply chain entails the combination of strategic, tactical, and operational decision-making. In this light, it can be said that the emergence of supply chain management has been brought about by industrial trends and socio-political happenings. As opined by Croxton et. al. (2001) â€Å"streamlining cross-company processes is the next great frontier for reducing costs, enhancing quality, and speeding operations. It is where this decade’s productivity wars will be fought. The victors will be those companies that are able to take a new approach to business, working closely with partners to design and manage processes that extend across traditional corporate boundaries. They will be the ones that make the leap from efficiency to super

The difference between coaching and psychotherapy Essay

The difference between coaching and psychotherapy - Essay Example In coaching, the practitioner helps its clients to access those information, skills and wisdom that they already have to make decisions, about which changes they would like to make; to develop a personal "action plan" in order to make those changes, to implement the action plan, and lastly to develop strategies to maintain the changes they make. The client will have to set the agenda for coaching. Psychotherapy, on the other hand, is a health care service focusing on identifying and treating diagnosable psychological disorders. The goals of psychotherapy include awakening hope, re-accessing mental well-being and encouraging changes that support mental well-being. Coaching uses variety of techniques and practices to help clients quickly produce desired results even more than they would do on their own. Psychotherapy also has techniques to help their clients but it is a slow process. The focus of coaching is on results as opposed to symptoms or psychology, yet clearly coaching is about relating to and impacting people. Therapy, while it should and will often create results, focuses on healing psychological or situational pain or distress. Typical reasons people seek coaching are: to clarify goals, to start something new, to create and execute one's vision, when life is out of balance when one cannot enjoy their success and when one is in transition. These are not "medically necessary" reasons but all potentially will be life enhancing. Traditional psychodynamic psychotherapy is past-based, working on feelings and events that have already occurred. Coaching may also focus specifically on areas which therapy would not, such as balance, strategic planning or life planning. These might be the product of a successful psychotherapy but not the focus. Coaching is collaboration between coach and client. Therapy is an expert relationship in which the therapist has greater power. Increasingly therapy is a three-way relationship in which an insurance company knows the client's issues and has a say. Coaching is future-oriented and designed to move the client towards an outcome. It can also be process oriented. Psychotherapy is process oriented. Coaches cannot take up the tasks of therapy. There is a need of lot of technical work. Therapists can and frequently do "coach" their clients - particularly in long-term relationships after the major psychological work has been done. Therapists, in fact, can be the best coaches because of their training in listening skills A coach will sometimes guide individuals toward increased awareness of how their thoughts and emotional reactions lead to problematic behaviors in the workplace. Therapy may share coaching's goals of improved personal effectiveness and increased awareness of problematic thoughts and emotional reactions that may impede work effectiveness. But therapy also addresses non-work aspects of an individual's life and may involve in-depth explorations of the client's history, and their key relationships with parents and other family members - issues that may be only tangentially related to business effectiveness. The coach training offerings vary from a few days to a full year. In order to take on the deeper self exploration common to the therapeutic situation counselors and therapists require an extensive training typically far in excess of coach training. Psychotherapy and counseling

Managment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Managment - Essay Example I am of the view that there must be efforts in place to counter the short-sightedness which is apparent in the working methodologies of the medics and staff and this must not be taken for granted since a lot of advancement has already been made in the said field and it would not be wrong if the same is applied to the field of my corporation for which I will be the manager. I will take care of the food and nutrition under my hold and guarantee that no such shortcoming could be expected from the people who would work under me as well as my own self. There will be zero tolerance as far as quality of food and nutrition is concerned and only 100% genuine and fresh quality products would be entertained while all others would be simply discarded off the table. Thus I would set proper measures as far as food and related undertakings are concerned. I would make it mandatory for all the staff related directly or indirectly with food within the organization to wash their hands thoroughly before they enter the premises. This would ignite a sense of cleanliness within them and our working regimes would be instilled with the best possible safety levels undoubtedly. I will make sure that these rules are followed to the core and there is no aspect of straying from the set rules under any situation whatsoever. Thus I plan to incorporate a plan of action as soon as I take charge in the capacity of manager which would guarantee that cleanliness and hygiene remains at the fore front of all food related activities. This would be attached with heavy fines, punishments and even suspensions from duty if adhering to the rules seem to be a problem for the staff. In essence, I plan to set such an environment which will get the ball rolling in the right direction. Safety and hygiene would continue to be taken in the most important stead within the organization and this would essentially change the related basis of safety and health system which is prevalent at the very moment. All my

What is HRM and why does it matter Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

What is HRM and why does it matter - Essay Example ng employment relationships in order to ensure that the efforts of the employees were specifically directed towards attaining organizational competitiveness and good performance in the increasingly volatile markets. Since then the term has increasingly been applied in numerous business undertakings of both small and large organizations to refer to organizational functions relating to matters related to employees. Michael Armstrong (2006) summarized human resource management as a strategic approach to achievement, development, motivation and management of the human resources in the organization. He adds that it works to shape a suitable corporate culture and initiate reflective and supportive programs regarding the organization’s core values. Human Resource Management describes a system within organizations designed for the management of employees. It works towards achieving organizational goals through acquiring and maintaining competent employees. Human resource management activities involve designing or defining work, staffing and employee benefits and compensation. According to Brewster and Scullion (1997), the human resource manager is charged with the duty of recruiting employees into the organization, helping them work, working out emerging problems and compensating them accordingly. It may well be concluded from the descriptions given by different scholars and professionals that human resource management deals with matters relating to employees such as organizational development, hiring, safety, training, compensation, benefits, wellness, and motivation among others. Many a scholar has noted that the basic asset of an organization is its human resources. In other words, the organization cannot flourish without effective management of these resources. Organizational success can only be achieved by the implementation of effective personnel policies and procedures which all add to the achievement of the organization’s set targets, objectives and

Folate through Lifecycle Nutrition Research Paper - 1

Folate through Lifecycle Nutrition - Research Paper Example The required Folate intake amount depends on the condition.3 Folate can be derived mostly in vegetables4. However, there are alternative ways through which humans can get Folate nutrients. Through fortification, consumers can derive Folate from foods that do not naturally contain Folate.5 Whereas Folate has been identified to prevent neural tubal disorders among pregnant mothers, mostly the correct administration also matters.6 Folate becomes effective when taken during the initial weeks of conception.7 Folate is believed to have various effects on human health, hence there is the need to study the facts surrounding it. To ascertain the effects of Folate in the life cycle of humans, various studies have been conducted. Greenberg et al established that Folate is essential in both nutrition and reproduction. During pregnancy, Folate is required in abundance since it is an essential element in fetal growth.8 Since it cannot be synthesized anew from the body, it is recommended for mothers to take foods rich in foliate during pregnancy. This reduces chances of the offspring and parent to suffer from foliate deficiency related diseases, in this case anemia or neural tubal defects.8 A study conducted by Blencowe et al showed that mothers who had previous cases of pregnancies with neural tubal disorders reduced their chances of the condition recurring by 75% if they took Folate supplements9. For mothers who never had previous cases of Neural tubal disorders the rate of reduction of potential neural tubal disorders reduced by 62%9. In addition to these results, the study identified that despite neural tubal disorders being the most prevalent cases of Folate deficiency during pregnancy there are other risks. Neural tubal disorders in this case affect the infants’ functionality of the brain and spinal cords. Another common case of foliate deficiency diseases for infants that was observed is

Service Improvement Essay Example for Free

Service Improvement Essay Abstract As the competition in the restaurant industry become more. Service quality becomes important to achieve the success restaurant. Service Blueprint is one of the methods that use to apply to improve the service system. The process of blueprint is a necessary tool that the restaurant can view all of process of the restaurant’s operation between the customer and providers. The paper aims to examine and apply to improve in the service processes of the restaurant by using the Service Blueprint to be the technique that used to understand customer service experiences. For the service blueprint design, an in-depth interview and a quantitative research method was used based on a customer expectation on the target customer who always to dining-out in the restaurant. The providing emphasize on value co-creation and design characteristics of service systems, and identifying the most important service system characteristics perceived by the customer, is the important way to improve the service. Keywords: blueprint, service, improvement, restaurant Introduction The trend of food and beverage industries in Thailand is growing in the positive direction because the customer behavior on eating out (Thansettakij Newspaper, 2012). Many reasons, hungry, social business and personal reason, affect guests to visit the restaurant. Whatever the reason, customers expect their dining experience to be positive (Ninemeier and Hayes, 2006). Developing high-quality dining experience (Rong and Jun, 2012) is the better way to create value of service to attraction (Sandstrà ¶m et al, 2008). Increasing market competition and growing customer service demands influence the organization to improve efficiency the service processes (Mascio, 2007). The good service process is the first for the restaurant to gain competitive advantage, to marketing success and to growing (Hee and Young, 2001). Restaurants that use the delivery of high service quality have the stronger competitive position (Kit and Ka, 2001). Customer Satisfaction and Customer Expectation The outcome of customers’ evaluation of a service is the satisfaction that based on a comparison of the recognition of service delivery with their previous expectations. (Johnston and Clark, 2005). Thus restaurant need to understand the customers’ service expectations (Johnston and Clark, 2001:2005; Ford and Heaton, 2000), that is an essential for delivering greater service because they represent implicit performance standards that customers use in assessing service quality (Andronikidis et al, 2009). Understanding customer expectations performed an importance part for delivering the customer satisfaction. Customer expectations include two levels are desired expectation and adequate expectation. Desired expectations represented the customer wanted the service to perform that the service â€Å"should be†. While adequate expectations are the satisfactory performance that the service â€Å"will be† (Yen and Soe, 2010). Customer Experience and Service Process Services are the experience that depends on human and delivery system. Because of the growing of Service Business, the organization should move into the customer experience management that is importance to creating customer loyalty by creating meaningful and memorable. (Bitner et al., 2007). Experience can be determined as the aggregate and increasing customer awareness created during the process of learning about, obtaining and using a product or service (Jiang, 2008). Customer experience has been treated as embedded in service quality. It is also measured by comparing expectations before, and perceptions after the experience, or perceptions only, through different predetermined service attributes (Walter et al, 2010). Service process is the part of the customer’s experience creation. (Johnston and Clark, 2001:2005) That includes the human element (the people who interacting with customers) and the material production process (Ford and Heaton, 2000). The service process is a collection of activities that represents all of the steps over a period of time (Bitner et al., 2007). Service Blueprint There are a lot of techniques that used to develop the service delivery system for the guest experience. One of them is the service blueprint that is the method of process modeling that use to visualize, analyze, organize, control and develop service processes for improving the internal and external of organization (Gersch et al., 2011). Service Blueprint helps the organization to see the key operational, human resources, and marketing issues that offering the service experience for the customer, easily (Bitner et al., 2007). Dong and Shiang (2010) suggested the service system bird’s eyeview that shows all of the steps in the service process can guarantee the customer satisfaction. The workflow description helps the organization to watch out all of service parts that can provide to improve the failure points. Service Blueprinting is the process of creating the delivering service standard that shows the personnel and equipment required (Mascio, 2007). This method adapts for service innovation, quality improvement, customer experience design, and strategic change focused around customers as a highly effective (Bitner et al., 2007) and effectiveness (Hummel and Murphy, 2011). Drucker (1977) mentions the effectiveness as â€Å"doing the right things† and the efficiency as â€Å"doing things right†. Moreover this technique involves a description of the different process steps visually and in continuity, helping to define the steps at which the customer uses the core service and to identify the additional benefits that make up the increased product (Pires et al., 2004). Components of Service Blueprint Coenen et al. (2011) defines a service blueprint as â€Å"†¦visually displays activities by simultaneously depicting the process of service delivery, the points of customer contact, the roles of customers and employees, and the physical surrounding of the perceived process†. A typical service blueprint consists of five components (Bitner et al., 2007): (1) Customer actions: All of steps that show the customers’ activity. (2) Onstage/visible contact employee actions: Face-to-face actions between the customers and employees (3) Backstage/invisible contact employee actions: All of the employee actions, but the customer can’t see. (4) Support processes: All the tangibles that customers are exposed to that can influence their quality perceptions. (5) Physical evidence: All the activities carried out by individuals and units within the company who are not contact employees. Moreover, there are the actions that separated by diverse â€Å"lines† (Coenen et al., 2011; Gersch et al., 2011). The â€Å"line of interaction† separates the customer activity from the provider action, showing the direct interactions between customer and provider. Above the â€Å"line of interaction†, there are the activities, choices, and interactions performed by the customer. The â€Å"line of visibility† differentiates between the visible (onstage) and invisible (backstage) to the customer. Above the â€Å"line of visibility†, there are the actions and decisions carried out by front office employees. The â€Å"line of internal interaction† distinguishes between front office and back office activities. Support processes which are necessary to aid front office employees in delivering the service are carried out below the â€Å"line of internal interaction†. Research Method Regarding to the aim of this paper the research must examine and apply to improve the service process for service experience. For the collection of comprehensive and detail information about customer’s expectation in the service delivery process. First of all, In-depth interview was used to be the method to help on creating the questionnaire. The questionnaire was devised to measure customer expectations in term of quality of service of the restaurant. References Andronikidis, A., Georgiou, A.C., Gotzamani, K., Kamvysi, K. The application of quality function deployment in service quality management. The TQM Journal, 21/4(2009), pp. 319-333 Bitner, M. J., Ostrom, A. L., and Morgan, F. N., 2007. Service Blueprint: A Practical Technique for Service Innovation. Center for Service Leadership, Arizona State University. Coenen, C., Felten, D.V., and Schmid, M., 2011. Managing effectiveness and efficiency through FM blueprinting. Facilities, Vol. 29 Iss: 9/10, pp.422 436 Dong, S.C. and Shiang, L.Y., Combining Kano model and service blueprint for adult day care service — A case study in Taiwan, Service Systems and Service Management (ICSSSM), 2010 7th Drucker, P. (1977), An Introductory View of Management, Harper College Press, New York, NY. Ford, R. C., and Heaton, C. P., 2000. Managing the Guest Experience in Hospitality. Delmar Thomson Learning. Gersch, M., Hewing, M., and Schà ¶ler B., Business Process Blueprinting – an enhanced vi ew on process performance. Business Process Management Journal, 17/5(2011), pp.732-747 Hee, W.K., Young, G.K., Rationalizing the customer service process. Business Process Management Journal, 7 /2(2001), pp. 139-156 Hummel, E. and Murphy, K.S., Using Service Blueprint to Analyze Restaurant Service Efficiency. Cornall Hospitalty Quarterly, 52/3(2011). Jiang, K., New Service Development for Interactive Experience. Service Operations and Logistics and Informatics 2008 International Conference on (2008) G

Paid News In India The Cases And Issues Media Essay

Paid News In India The Cases And Issues Media Essay This research aims to conduct a study on media ethics and responsibility in India as regards paid news. One of the main objectives of the research is to identify and critically discuss the cases of various forms of paid news specifically the practice paid news during elections. Therefore, in this part of the paper an attempt is made identify and critically discuss the cases of various forms of paid news specifically the practice paid news during elections. The major cases of paid news are discussed in the forms of the case of Maharashtra Assembly elections in 2009, the case of Commonwealth Games and the revelations of Radia tapes. THE CASES and ISSUES In the present day, having population of more than billion India props up just about 70 thousand registered newspapers and more than 450 television channels comprising a number of 247 news channels. By and large, the Indian media generally plays the part of constructive opposition in the Parliament with that of in different Legislative Assemblies of the State. Media persons and particularly newspapers journalists are distinguished and esteemed as the moral guide in the Indian society at large. Whilst the newspapers in Europe and America are trailing their circulation yearly, the Indian print media is even this day going stronger with vast circulation number and market avenues. More importantly in Indian democracy, the media carries on to be celebrated as the fourth vital pillar after judiciary, legislature and bureaucracy (Thakuria, 2010). However, unhappily a cancer in the form of paid news damaged the image and trustworthiness of media in the country, particularly in the recent yea rs. The practice that entails currency in getting dishonorably media space by the recipients continues to be a central issue in India all through the recent past. The caner of paid news is found to be damaging the honour and esteem of the media leading to peoples decreasing trust in reported news and the journalists. As per the Eldeman Trust Barometer Survey (2011, cited from Seetharam, 2011), whereas the trust in media as an establishment went up by 4 percent all through the world, the similar parameter for India fell from 58 percent to 50 percent. This downhill trend has had been persisting ever since the previous three-four years. This trend points toward the rising trust deficit of newspapers and television news channels in India. If this trend continues, the world of Indian media will not be glorified and trusted one. Despite this, every day we come to know about big scandals and fraudulent practices in the form of paid news s nexus between media persons and politicians, and further between media persons and corporate houses. The case of Radia tape is still in our memory and many such cases are concealed because of the involvement of media persons. When media people become corrupt, who will disclose the corruption and wrong doings of politicians and business houses? The unfortunate situation is that despite the condition of being grave the media as a whole is yet to recognise this catastrophe of confidence. Instead of taking the responsibility, the big national media houses and media persons are quiet pleased to blame the language media and other institutions and themselves take up a holier than thou position. The emerging crisis is evidently hurting the wellbeing of Indian democracy , where media as fourth pillar of democracy is expected to play more responsible role. If the fraudulent practice of paid news continues, the trust deficit of newspapers and television news channels in India will fast go up, and it would be nothing to surprise if within two-three years Eldeman Trust Barometer Survey will come out with the result of media trust in Indian going down from 50 percent to 25 percent and even lesser than that. Off course very recently, particularly after the Radia tape case, various leading media persons and media houses have demonstrated their concern as regards the ill practice of paid news, but the predicament is that Indian media is badly under the grip of paid news culture and in order to root out the menace of paid news, there is need strike the prevailing culture of paid news in the mainstream media. Paid news are those news or articles in print or electronic media, which point toward favourable situation for the organization or establishment that has paid for it. In the case of paid news, the news comes much in the form of an advertisement, although devoid of the advertisement tag. This sort of news has been regarded as a stern misconduct in view of the fact that it misleads the populace, not allowing them recognize that the news actually is purposed to advertisement. On the other hand, in such cases of paid news the payment modes generally defies tax laws and election expenditure laws. More badly, it raises electoral issue for the reason that the media has a straight control on voters (Banerjee and Gigani, 2011). The Press Council of India issued guiding principle pertinent to both government authorities and the media during the 15th General Elections to the Lok Sabha hat took place in April-May 2009. Ensuring free and fair coverage by the media was the purpose why Press Council of India issued guiding principle. However, subsequent to the elections, an alarming trend was surfaced by the selected divisions of the media, where journalists from various media houses were found getting currency by candidates in election fray for favourable coverage or planting paid news (Press Council of India, 2010). This paid news was surfaced at three levels. At the first level, the reader of the newspaper or the viewer of the television programs is misled into considering that what is fundamentally an advertisement is in point of fact, in parallel presented news reports. At the second level, the practice of paid news was surfaced by not authoritatively saying publicly the expenses incurred on placing paid new s items. In that case the candidate in election fray defies the Conduct of Election Rules, 1961, which are purposed to be put into effect by the Election Commission of India underneath the Representation of the People Act, 1951. At the third level , paid news taking place through not accounting for the riches received from candidates, the related media houses or their people as journalists , as they are violating the provisions of the Companies Act, 1956 with that of the Income Tax Act, 1961, in doing so(Press Council of India, 2010). A part of Indian media extensively reported the occurrences of paid during the period 15th General Election and in the subsequent times. Further articles about paid news practices in Indian media too drew the attention of foreign media and foreign newspapers , particularly Wall Street Journal , the Guardian and the Independent pointed towards the alarming situation arising out due to paid news in India media (Thakurta and Reddy, 2010). The fact is that the occurrence of paid news has acquired sober extent in the world of Indian media. Nowadays, it goes away from the dishonesty of the particular media person and media house and has turned out to be invasive, structured and very much planned, and in this progression it is challenging the Indian democratic value. Paid news is now limited not only to cash payment but various forms of favours and malpractices. Let us discuss some cases in this regard. As regards a notable and serious case of paid news, the case of Maharashtra Assembly elections in 2009 is worth mentioning. During the elections of Maharashtra Assembly, Ashok Chavan as candidate made beneficial use of the print media in the forms of regional and national papers through giving advertisements. The paid news stories and editorials in the form of advertisements were published with and with no bylines in newspapers (Lund   and Thomas, 2012). The issue was  exposed by  a reputed national English daily Hindu that campaign advertisements in support of Mr. Chavan (who was contesting from Bhokar in the 2009 Assembly poll), were issued in Marathi newspapers, masking them as news items. The news was reported by Rural Affairs editor, P. Sainath of Hindu revealing much as regards the coverage that took place pre polls in Maharashtra. There was a wide-ranging coverage of Mr Chavan who as Chief Minister by the local media that comprised the largest circulated Lokmat too. Shoc kingly Chavan claimed that he had submitted the expenditure of those advertising to the District Election Officer , but the fact was that Mr. Chavan had not mentioned the money spent on such advertisements in his election expenses accounts and therefore was violation of Election Commission rules (Balaji, 2012). This was the second level of paid news as defined by Election Commission. Perhaps it was the first major reported case of paid news during elections. Case was filed against Mr. Chavan in the court by the candidates and it is currently in Supreme Court. Certainly this case was a wake up call for both Election Commission and Indian media, and as a result now during every election there are watchful eyes on paid news practices by Election Commission and some sections of media that operate ethically and responsibly. However, paid news is not full of life all through elections per se. Paid news has as well taken the shape of hush-hush contract where the media firms enters into a a greement with the organizations or corporate houses and money is are exchanged for advertising deals. A number of such cases have been found recently in Indian media. The case of paid news in Commonwealth Games is too worth mentioning. What notable is that the expression paid news does not essentially signify the news is paid for in the form of money or cash and this was made apparent during the Commonwealth Games that was organsed in New Delhi in 2010. It was certainly shocking how no newspaper or media person wrote about downbeat facets of the Games organization and the other linked facet till the last hours. However, in a report on a web portal titled Suresh Kalmadi met with officials of top media companies and urged them to support the games, revealed everything of what we talk about paid news. No wonder therefore simultaneously the English daily with the biggest circulation in India arrived with a pitch for getting hold of the status of the official newspaper og the Game and for the same it would offer particular attribute such Commonwealth Games quiz, seminars, marathon and even a Coffee table book. The pitch as well very bigheartedly added that We do not solicit any financial assistance from Commonwealth Ga mes for the above activities apart from regular advertising support for encouragement The most shocking component of the pitch was it assured that a few of its editorials, which are believed to be the non partial critical view of the editor, would exclusively focal point on the Games in a convincing non- advertising set-up. The newspaper as well mentioned the editorial content chart for landmark days such as Republic (Banerjee and Gigani, 2011). Definitely this was the case of paid and the question arises as whether endeavouring to get a collaborator position is ethical or unethical, moreover the question here rather is whether the line up amid news and advertisement is vague. Here if an advertisement attribute is offered as news the Right to Information is breached. In such case, the readers or viewers are deprived of a right picture and is made to suppose whatever is presented to them. This case is nothing but selling of editorials by the newspaper and undeniably a serious and fit case of paid news offense. The cases of paid news has badly hit the world of Indian media in recent years, and in this context one of most notable revealing has had been the paid news issue linked to Radia Tapes. This has been the most notably talked about issues in the Indian media as far as paid news is concerned, where the nexus is found between corporate houses, government authorities, corporate lobbyists and eminent journalists. The Radia tape has more drawn the attention towards the fact as how eminent senior journalists make use of their influence to strive and weaken the functioning of the government of India, than how media houses are taking money to publish or broadcast news. However, taking money to publish or broadcast news is worse, for the reason that it is all invasive from the smallest newspaper to the major news channel. We can understand that there are few sections in the media who have the sort of influence that is required to influence government, in the mode in which it was exposed in the Radia Tapes. But definitely the case is an eye-opening. Notably here the Radia tapes storm relates to the taped and released telephonic tà ªte-à  -tà ªte amid Niira Radia, a corporate lobbyist and a segment of politicians, corporate house owners bureaucrats and journalists that were taped by the Department of Income Tax for the period of 2008-09. The tape of telephonic tà ªte-à  -tà ªte reveals the lobbyist Radia stating that media is  greedy. The newspapers which had covered Radia tapes notably lost the advertisement from the corporate house of Tata. The report of this case draws our attention towards the negation in depending on advertising for revenue and simultaneously attempting to take action to the amplified professional rivalry which necessitates quality news reporting (Reddy, 2011).  Instead of coming with quality news reporting, newspapers and news channels taking the corrupt route of paid news. As per a latest study (Singh, 2012) approximately 10 percent of news in the newspapers is paid news , however the fact is that there is across-the-board corruption and fraudulent practices in Indian media. Yes not all news is paid news, but page 3 of newspapers in most cases is paid news and all the social activities that are found in newspapers are reported after receiving payment in cash and other forms. Even in the business section of the newspapers is too there is practice of paid news and a definite percentage of news is business section is paid news. Worth to mention here, corporate controlling in the media has had grown recently for the reason that of the cash, the editors post had been demoted. Corporate currency is required to run the national media and if demoted the clout of an editor the more will demote the editorial sections of the newspapers. Next comes the role of the central and state governments controlling news newspapers for their favour. These suggest that India media is today diseased to cancer of corruption in the form of paid news where both corporate houses and governments are contributing to demote the position of media from worse to worst. In such critical situation if Indian media fails to respond ethically and responsible, there will be serious challenge to its position democracys fourth pillar. As George (2012) aptly argues that the unethical character of paid news is so deceitful that one would think no newspaper or news channel organization would carry out such things, although the fact is that such thoughts are planned and started on by the nations main and esteemed newspapers and media houses . The control of a media house that is money-making is such as the sway of  chickungunia as spreading hasty. The plan of paid news has spread fast enough to be converted into one of the shames of contemporary time.  The media houses are crossing the boundary and it is ethically shoddier. What shocking is that even Rupert Murdoch did no t have the courage to bring in ideas that have turned into dishonorable in the world of Indian media that is paid news and the dishonest practice of hush-hush contracts. The section of media carrying out such fraudulent practices is nothing but cheating with the democracy and abusing the trust of citizens. This is worst of what we can expect from Indian media. The high time has arrived not only for media to behave more ethically and responsibly, but to make regulations to control paid news practices. SUMMARY The practice that entails currency in getting dishonorably media space by the recipients continues to be a central issue in India all through the recent past. The caner of paid news is found to be damaging the honour and esteem of the media leading to peoples decreasing trust in reported news and the journalists. The unfortunate situation is that despite the condition of being grave the media as a whole is yet to recognise this catastrophe of confidence. Instead of taking the responsibility, the big national media houses and media persons are quiet pleased to blame the language media and other institutions and themselves take up a holier than thou position. As regards a notable and serious case of paid news, the case of Maharashtra Assembly elections in 2009 is worth mentioning. During the elections of Maharashtra Assembly in 2009, the them Chief Minister Mr. Ashok Chavan as candidate made beneficial use of the print media in the forms of regional and national papers through giving a dvertisements. However, expression paid news does not essentially signify the news is paid for in the form of money or cash and this was made apparent during the Commonwealth Games. The Radia tape has more drawn the attention towards the fact as how eminent senior journalists make use of their influence to strive and weaken the functioning of the government of India, than how media houses are taking money to publish or broadcast news. However, taking money to publish or broadcast news is worse. Just about 10 percent of news in the newspapers is paid news; however the fact is that there is across-the-board corruption and fraudulent practices in Indian media. The unethical character of paid news is so deceitful that one would think no newspaper or news channel organization would carry out such things, although the fact is that such thoughts are planned and started on by the nations main and esteemed newspapers and media houses. The section of media carrying out such fraudulent practic es is nothing but cheating with the democracy and abusing the trust of citizens. Therefore, there requires urgent control on this both internally and externally.

Malevolent Phantom (To Kill a Mockingbird) :: Free Essay Writer

Malevolent Phantom (To Kill a Mockingbird) â€Å"Vision is the act of seeing things invisible† (Jonathan Swift). In every society there is an underlying darkness that is alienation. Those who fall victim to alienation become the invisible and voiceless members of society. In Society there are few that see alienation. There are even fewer that know it is morally wrong and try to illuminate it. Alienation often goes unseen, but it is always there. The struggle to eliminate it will forever continue. In To Kill A Mockingbird it is children who have not yet learned to be blind, and an enlightened minority that have vision to see the invisible. In To Kill A Mockingbird there is a strong and important theme of alienation and unjust treatment. The fight to eliminate it is represented through Atticus’s efforts. In To Kill A Mockingbird alienation is illustrated through the treatment of characters such as Arthur Radley, Tom Robinson and Mayella Ewell. Throughout the novel there are countless instances of societal discrimination toward these characters. Intolerance and ignorance in society is the cause of alienation. In Maycomb almost every person alienates Arthur Radley. The reader never really understands who Boo Radley is. Instead the reader hears the many opinions of the people in Maycomb. Harper Lee does this on purpose to demonstrate that no one has the right to judge another person because no one can be sure of another person’s position. People of Maycomb choose to believe what they hear about Arthur because â€Å"[p]eople generally see what they look for, and hear what they listen for†¦(174). There are many rumors about Boo Radley, for example some â€Å"[p]eople said he went out at night when the moon was down, and peeped in windows† (9). Stories about Boo are pasted around Maycomb quickly but the truths of injustice are kept quiet. Arthur’s behavior suggests that the lack of tolerance and understanding was apparent to him. Jem explains that he used to think there was â€Å"†¦just one kind of folks†(227). He goes on to say that he understands why Bo o Radley’s stays shut up in the house all the time â€Å"†¦because he wants to stay inside†(227). This suggests that Jem is starting to recognize the injustices in the world around him and is struggling to understand how he will deal with them without alienating himself. No one in Maycomb wants to be the one to rock the boat including Arthur Radley.

The Importance of the Scaffold in Hawthornes The Scarlet Letter :: free essay writer

  The Importance of the Scaffold in The Scarlet Letter   Since the beginning of time humans have had to confront their sinfulness. Some rely on religious faith to help with the struggle against sin while others add to their sins by lying to hide other sins. In the end, man must stand alone – as a sinful creature before God. In Nathaniel Hawthorne’s The Scarlet Letter, Dimmesdale struggles with his sin until he discovers the scaffold as a place to find peace with himself. That scaffold holds more importance than just somewhere to condemn prisoners. It is the one place where Dimmesdale felt liberated to say anything he wishes. In Puritan culture, the scaffold is used to humiliate and chastise prisoners, be it witches at the stake, thieves in the stocks, or a murderer hanging from the gallows. In The Scarlet Letter, the scaffold was viewed more as a place of judgment. â€Å"Meagre ... was the sympathy that a transgressor might look for, from such bystanders, at the scaffold.† (p. 63) Indeed, it was used for castigation, but it was also a place of trial: Hester’s trial was held at the scaffold. Standing upon the platform opens oneself to God and to the world. â€Å"They stood in the noon of that strange and solemn splendor, as if it were the light that is to reveal all secrets, and the daybreak that shall unite all who belong to one another.† (p. 186) Being on the scaffold puts oneself in a feeling of spiritual nakedness- where you f eel exposed to God, but cleansed. It was the one place where Dimmesdale could find complete reconciliation.                Witnessing such an event as reconciliation is quite a fascinating experience. But without knowing what is going on, it can also be quite horrifying. â€Å"Without any effort of his will, or power to restrain himself, he [Dimmesdale] shrieked aloud: an outcry that went pealing through the night, and was beaten back from one house to another, and reverberated from the hills in the background; as if a company of devils, detecting so much misery and terror in it, had made a plaything of the sound, and were bandying it to and fro.† (pp. 178-9) Indeed, the townsfolk felt the latter. â€Å"Drowsy slumberers mistook the cry either for something frightful in a dream, or for the noise of witches.†(p. 179) They did not understand that this was his reconciliation.

A Poets History :: essays research papers fc

Erik Uriegas  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Ms, Sharp English 4 Period 7 10-31-03 A Poet’s History William Shakespeare was a very mysterious man. Most of the information about his life is unknown. Some information is lost and never to be found. His plays are continuously being performed today. William Shakespeare was not just a playwriter but also a poet and actor. All of these accomplishment without ever attending a college or university. His early life was at Stratford on Avon and he was educated at a free gramer school in Stratford. Treated well by his father and mother who was middle class. Grown to have marriages, kids, and become one of historys best play writers. Stratford on Avon at a time of William Shakespeare’s birth was a village of about two thousand inhabitants. Stratford on Avon is about eighty miles away from London. William Shakespeares year of birth was 1564. He was baptized the twenty-sixed of April. William was the third child to be born. He had twin sisters who were elder but died at infancy. The name Shakespeare appears to have been common in the west midlands. William Shakespeare left his family about four years after his marriage to Anna Hathaway at the age of eighteen, and came to London for better family fortunes. At this time London had gone prosperous under the reign. Shakespeare hoped upward Stratford could have held little for him now that his father’s enterprises had faded. During the years William Shakespeare detached himself gradually from his London Associates (â€Å"William†, 3). Irving Robner quoted,†Shakespeare growth as a tragicdramastic growth in moral vision (â€Å"Bergeron†, 74). Shakespeare grandfather was a tenant farmer; his daughter’s husband was altered knighthood (â€Å"Kay†, 17). The Shakespeare family history is a textbook case of that upward social mobility that was so common in Renaissance England. William Shakespeare’s education is known to be vague. There was a free grammer school at Stratford, to which, as the, son of his father he would have been entitled to free admission. Aubrey, who is entirely unsupported even states that William Shakespeare was a schoolmaster himself. When William was about thirteen years old his father took him out of school and put him to work so he can help the family who got onto some financial difficulties. William Shakespeare has never been proven to have attended a college or a university. His mentality and work has been proven to be a solid education (â€Å"William†, 2).

Literary Canon Definition Essay

A literary canon is a classification of literature. It is compromised of literary works that share similar or related characteristics and are considered to be the most important of a specific time frame or place. The process in which a work is canonized is completely subjective. And just as the judgments and opinions of people change over time, so do literary canons. The status a work receives when it is entered into a literary canon is based on its relevance to the time period. Therefore a social change such as the feminist movement can determine what works are added and removed from a literary canon  Both the works of Gail Godwin’s â€Å"A Sorrowful Woman† and Karen Van Der Zee’s â€Å" A Secret Sorrow† were composed during the rise of feminism. However, the perspective of woman each work has varies greatly. â€Å" A Secret Sorrow† reflects the stereotypical view of woman that the feminist movement so strongly opposed. The view that woman are child bearing objects and should complete the role of the traditional housewife is irrelevant to the social changes happening during time period. In stark contrast, â€Å" A Sorrowful Woman† is written about a woman who is weary and unsatisfied with her role as a mother and child. She even goes as far as to detach herself from her family and isolate herself into one room. This perspective ties closely with way many women felt during the time period when feminism was rising. Thus its social and historical relevance to the time period makes â€Å"A Sorrowful Woman† a much better fit to be entered into the literary canon.

Starry Night by Vincent Van Gogh

Nicole Brittingham March 11, 2013 ART 101-04 Analysis assignment * Starry Night by Vincent Van Gogh * This painting was made in 1889 during the postimpressionism era. * Starry Night is about 29†x36† and is made from using oil as a medium on a canvas. * This painting can be categorized as modern art. * Formal analysis * Within the composition of this painting, there is a peaceful village in the foreground and a dramatic night sky in our main viewpoint. There is a church steeple that dominates the village symbolizing unity in the town, and gives the impression of size and isolation.The left foreground has a curvy cypress tree which is usually associated with mourning. * There are many lines throughout this work of art. All of the swirling lines in the sky direct the viewer’s eyes around the painting. The fluid lines throughout the painting enhance the flow of Starry Night well. The curving lines create a sensation of depth in the painting. * The spacing between the s tars and the curving shapes create a dot-to-dot effect, ensuring fluidity. The contoured forms, shapes, and spirals in Starry Night were means of expression and used to convey emotion. The artist applied color in thick, broad, curved strokes to create texture. The texture of the bold brushstrokes, swirling circles, and swoops make the image seem to vibrate on the canvas. * The use of white and yellow colors creates a spiral effect and draws attention to the night sky. The dark blues and greens were complemented with touches of light pastel green showing the reflection of the moon. * The texture within this painting is visually meant to provide the viewer a sense of motion and vibrant light by exaggerating the twinkling of the stars out of realistic proportion.The curvy contoured forms in the sky give the illusion of the wind blowing as well as the curved vertical lines in the tree. * The colors within Starry Night are well balanced because they all flow together. The dominance of th e blue is balanced by the orange and yellow of the night sky elements. * When looking at this painting, the viewer would feel as if they were on top of a hill looking down on a village, making the night sky their direct view. This point of perspective is called linear perspective. * Van Gogh used a great deal of emphasis in the sky.By using bright and vivid colors and swirls around the stars, he exaggerated them making them stand out. * Starry Night has more unity than variety, because everything just flows in this painting and gives you a sense of balance and harmony. * Content Analysis * Starry Night is a painting of a dramatic night sky over a peaceful town. * During the later years of the 19th century, a group of postimpressionists came together to rebel against impressionism because they wanted art to have more focus on the traditional elements.Van Gogh’s painting was created in 1889, and fixated mostly on line and color with symbolism and emotion. * Starry Night was cre ated to be art. Van Gogh expressed himself through his paintings. He once explained in a letter to his brother Theo saying, â€Å"I paint as a means to make life bearable†¦ really we can only speak through our paintings†¦Ã¢â‚¬  * There are many interpretations of Starry Night, and one is that the canvas depicts hope. Van Gogh may have been showing that even with a dark night, it is still possible to see the light in the windows of the houses.Another insight may have been; with shining stars filling the sky, there is always light to guide you. The painting could have also shown the vast power of nature and mankind pointing to the heavens. * During this time period, many artists painted to express their emotions and symbolize what they thought or how they saw things. Postimpressionists thought that impressionist art was too vague, so they felt they need to focus their art on using more elements of art and color.

Carrie Chapter Four

(or only hopeful) that she wasn't that weak, not that liable to fall docilely into the complacent expectations of parents, friends, and even herself. But now there was this shower thing, where she had gone along and pitched in with high, savage glee. The word she was avoiding was expressed To Conform, in the infinitive, and it conjured up miserable images of hair in rollers, long afternoons in front of the ironing board in front of the soap operas while hubby was off busting heavies in an anonymous Office; of joining the P.T.A. and then the country club when their income moved into five figures; of pills in circular yellow cases without number to insure against having to move out of the misses' size before it became absolutely necessary and against the intrusion of repulsive little strangers who shat in their pants and screamed for help at two in the morning; of fighting with desperate decorum to keep the niggers out of Kleen Korners, standing shoulder to shoulder with Terri Smith (Miss Potato Blossom of 1975) and Vicki Jones (Vice President of The Women's League), armed with signs and petitions and sweet, slightly desperate smiles. Carrie, it was the goddamned Carrie, this was her fault. Perhaps before today she had heard distant, circling footfalls around their lighted place, but tonight, hearing her own sordid, crummy story, she saw the actual silhouettes of all these things, and yellow eyes that glowed like flashlights in the dark. She had already bought her prom gown. It was blue. It was beautiful. ‘You're right,' he said when she was done. ‘Bad news. Doesn't sound a bit like you.' His face was grave and she felt a cool slice of terror. Then he smiled-he had a very jolly smile-and the darknesss retreated a bit. ‘I kicked a kid in the slats once when he was knocked out. Did I ever tell you about that?' She shook her head. ‘Yeah.' He rubbed his nose reminiscently and his cheek gave a small tic, the way it had when he made his confession about getting the rubber wrong the first time. ‘The kid's name was Danny Patrick. He beat the living shit out of me once when we were in the sixth grade. I hated him, but I was scared, too. I was laying for him. You know how that is?' She didn't, but nodded anyway. ‘Anyway, he finally picked on the wrong kid a year or so later. Pete Taber. He was just a little guy, but he had lots of muscles. Danny got on him about something. I don't know, marbles or something, and finally Peter just rose up righteous and beat the shit out of him. That was on the playground of the old Kennedy Junior High. Danny fell down and hit his head and went out cold. Everybody ran. We thought he might be dead. I ran away too, but first I gave him a good kick in the ribs. Felt really bad about it afterwards. You going to apologize to her?' It caught Sue flat-footed and all she could was clinch weakly: ‘Did you?' ‘Huh? Hell no! I had better things to do than spend my time in traction. But there's a big difference, Susie.' ‘There is?' ‘It's not seventh grade any more. And I had some kind of reason, even if it was a piss-poor reason. What did that sad, silly bitch ever do to you?' She didn't answer because she couldn't. She had never passed more than a hundred words with Carrie in her whole life, and three dozen or so had come today. Phys. Ed. was the only class they'd had in common since they had graduated from Chamberlain Junior High. Carrie was taking the commercial/business course. Sue, of course, was in the college division. She thought herself suddenly loathsome. She found she could not bear that and so she twisted it at him. ‘When did you start making all these big moral decisions? After you started fucking me?' She saw the good humour fade from his face and was sorry. ‘Guess I should have kept quiet,' he said, and pulled up his pants. ‘It's not you, it's me.' She put a hand on his arm. ‘I'm ashamed, see?' ‘I know,' he said. ‘But I shouldn't be giving advice. I'm not very good at it.' ‘Tommy, do you ever hate being so †¦ well, popular?' ‘Me?' The question wrote surprise on his face. ‘Do you mean like football and class president and that stuff?' ‘Yes.' ‘No. Ifs not very important. High school isn't a very important place. When you're going you think it's a big deal, but when it's over nobody really think. it was great unless they're beered up. That's how my brother and his buddies are, anyway.' It did not soothe her; it made her fears worse. Little Susie mix ‘n match from Ewen High School, Head Cupcake of the entire Cupcake Brigade. Prom gown kept forever in the closet, wrapped in protective plastic. The night pressed dark against the slightly steamed car windows. ‘I'll probably end up working at my dad's car lot,' he said. ‘I'll spend my Friday and Saturday nights down at Uncle Billy's or out at The Cavalier drinking beer and talking about the Saturday afternoon I got that fat pitch from Saunders and we upset Dorchester. Get married to some nagging broad and always own last years model, vote Democrat-‘ ‘Don't,' she said, her mouth suddenly full of a dark, sweet horror. She pulled him to her. ‘Love me. My head is so bad tonight. Love me. Love me.' So he loved her and this time it was different, this time there finally seemed to be room and there was no rubbing but a delicious friction that went up and up: Twice he had to stop, panting, and held himself back, and then he went (he was a virgin before me and admitted it I would have believed a lie) and went hard and her breath came in short, digging gasps and then she began to yell and hold at his back, helpless to stop, sweating, the bad taste washed away, every cell seeming to have its own climax, body filled with sunlight, musical notes in her mind, butterflies behind her skull in the cage of her mind. Later, on the way home, he asked her formally if she would go to the Spring Ball with him. She said she would. He asked her if she had decided what to do about Carrie. She said she hadn't. He said that it made no difference. but she thought that it did. It had begun to seem that it meant all the difference. From Telekinesis: Analysis and Aftermath (Science Yearbook 1982), by Dean K. L. McGuffin: There are, of course, still these scientists today – regretfully, the Duke University people are in their forefront – who reject the terrific underlying implications of the Carrie White affair. Like the Flatlands Society, the Rosicrucians, or the Corlies of Arizona, who are positive that the atomic bomb does not work, these unfortunates are flying in the face of logic with their heads in the sand, and beg your pardon for the mixed metaphor. Of course one is able to understand the consternation, the raised voices, the angry letters and arguments at scientific convocations. The idea of telekinesis itself has been a bitter pill for the scientific community to swallow, with its horror-movie trappings of ouija boards and mediums and table rappings and floating coronets; but understanding will still not excuse scientific irresponsibility. The outcome of the White affair raises grave and difficult questions. An earthquake has struck our order notions of the way the natural world is supposed to act and react. Can you blame even such a renowned physicist as Gerald Luponet for claiming the whole thing is a hoax and a fraud, even in the face of such overwhelming evidence as the White Commission presented? For if Carrie White is the truth, then what of Newton? †¦ They sat in the living room, Carrie and Momma, listening to Tennessee Ernie Ford singing ‘Let the Lower Lights Be Burning' on a Webcor phonograph (which Momma called the victrola, or, if in a particularly good mood, the vic). Carrie sat at the sewing machine, pumping with her feet as she sewed the sleeves on a new dress. Momma sat beneath the plaster crucifix, tatting doilies and bumping her feet in time to the song, which was one of her favourites. Mr P. P. Bliss, who had written this hymn and others seemingly without number, was one of Momma's shining examples of God at work upon the face of the earth. He had been a sailor and a sinner (two terms that were synonymous in Momma's lexicon), a great blasphemer, a laugher in the face of the Almighty. Then a great storm had come up at sea, the boat had threatened to capsize, and Mr P. P. Bliss had gotten down on his sinsickly knees with a vision of Hell yawning beneath the ocean floor to receive him, and he had prayed to God. Mr P. P. Bliss promised God that if He saved him, he would dedicate the rest of his life to Him. The storm, of course, had cleared immediately. Brightly beams our Father's mercy From his lighthouse evermore, But to us he gives the keeping Of the lights along the shore †¦ All of Mr P. P. Bliss's hymns had a seagoing flavour to them. The dress she was sewing was actually quite pretty, a dark wine colour-the closest Momma would allow her to red-and the sleeves were puffed. She tried to keep her mind strictly on her sewing, but of course it wandered. The overhead fight was strong and harsh and yellow, the small dusty plush sofa was of course deserted (Carrie had never had a boy in To Sit), and on the far wall was a twin shadow: the crucified Jesus, and beneath Him, Momma. The school had called Momma at the laundry and she had come home at noon. Carrie had watched her come up the walk, and her belly trembled. Momma was a very big woman, and she always wore a hat. Lately her legs had begun to swell, and her feet always seemed on the point of overflowing her shoes. She wore a black cloth coat with a black fur collar. Her eyes were blue and magnified behind rimless bifocals. She always carried a large black satchel purse and in it was her change purse, her billfold (both black), a large King James Bible (also black) with her name stamped on the front in gold, and a stack of tracts secured with a rubber band. The Tracts were usually orange, and smearily printed. Carrie knew vaguely that Momma and Daddy Ralph had been Baptists once but had left the church when they became convinced that the Baptists were doing the work of the Antichrist. Since that time, all worship had taken place at home. Momma held worship on Sundays, Tuesdays, and Fridays. These were called Holy Days. Momma was the minister, Carrie the congregation. Services lasted from two to three hours. Momma had opened the door and walked stolidly in. She and Carrie had stared at each other down the short length of the front hall for a moment, like gunfighters before a shootout. It was one of those brief moments that seem (fear could it really have been fear in momma's eyes) much longer in retrospect. Momma closed the door behind her. ‘You're a woman,' she said softly. Carrie felt her face twisting and crumpling and could not help it. ‘Why didn't you tell me?' she cried. ‘Oh Momma, I was so scared! And the girls all made fun and threw things and-‘ Momma had been walking towards her, a now her hand flashed with sudden limber speed, a hard hand, laundry-calloused and muscled. It struck her backhand across the jaw and Carrie fell down in the doorway between the hall and the living room, weeping loudly. ‘And God made Eve from the rib Of Adam,' Momma said. Her eyes were very large in the rimless glasses; they looked like poached eggs. She thumped Carrie with the side of her foot and Carrie screamed. ‘Get up, woman. Let's get in and pray. Let's pray to Jesus for our womanweak, wicked, sinning souls.' ‘Momma' The sobs were too strong to allow more. The latent hysterics had come out grinning and gibbering. She could not stand up. She could only crawl into the living room with her hair hanging in her face, braying huge hoarse sobs. Every now and again Momma would swing her foot. So they progressed across the living room toward the place of the altar, which had once been a small bedroom. ‘And Eve was weak and – say it, woman. Say it-‘ ‘No, Momma, please help me-‘ The foot swung. Carrie screamed. ‘And Eve was weak and loosed the raven on the world,' Momma continued, ‘and the raven was called Sin, and the first Sin was Intercourse. And the Lord visited Eve with a Curse, and the Curse was the Curse of Blood. And Adam and Eve were driven out of the Garden and into the World and Eve found that her belly had grown big with child.' The foot swung and connected with Carrie's rump. Her nose scraped the wood floor. They were entering the place of the altar. There was a cross on a table covered with an embroidered silk cloth. On either side of the cross there were white candles. Behind this were several paint-by-the-numbers of Jesus and His apostles. And to the right was the worst place of all, the home of terror, the cave where all hope, all resistance to God's will – and Momma's – was extinguished. The closet door leered open. Inside, below a hideous blue bulb that was always lit, was Derrault's conception of Jonathan Edwards' famous sermon. Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God. ‘And there was a second Curse, and this was the Curse of Childbearing, and Eve brought forth Cain in sweat and blood.' Now Momma dragged her, half-standing and half-crawling, down to the altar, where they both fell on their knees. Momma gripped Carrie's wrist tightly. ‘And following Cain, Eve gave birth to Abel, having not yet repented of the Sin of Intercourse. And so the Lord visited Eve with a third Curse, and this was the Curse of Murder. Cain rose up and slew Abel with a rock. And still Eve did not repent, nor all the daughters of Eve, and upon Eve did the Crafty Serpent found a kingdom of whoredom and pestilences.' ‘Momma!' she shrieked. ‘Momma, please listen! It wasn't my fault!' ‘Bow your head,' Momma said. ‘Let's us pray.' ‘You should have told me!' Momma brought her hand down on the back of Carrie's neck, and behind it was all the heavy muscle developed by eleven years of slinging heavy laundry bags and trucking piles of wet sheets. Carrie's eye-bulging face jerked forward and her forehead smacked the altar, leaving a mark and making the candles tremble. ‘Let's us pray,' Momma said softly, implacably. Weeping and snuffling, Carrie bowed her head. A runner of snot hung pendulously from her nose and she wiped it away. (if i had a nickel for every time she made me cry here) with the back of her hand. Lord,' Momma declaimed hugely, her head thrown back, ‘help this sinning woman beside me here see the sin of her days and ways. Show her that if she had remained sinless the Curse of Blood never would have come on her. She may have committed the Sin of Lustful Thoughts. She may have been listening to rock ‘n roll music on the radio. She may have been tempted by the Antichrist. Show her that this is Your kind, vengeful hand at work and-‘ ‘No! Let me go!' She tried to struggle to her feet and Momma's hand, as strong and pitiless as an iron manacle, forced her back to her knees. ‘-and Your sign that she must walk the straight and narrow from here on out if she is to avoid the flaming agonies of the Eternal Pit. Amen.' She turned her glittering, magnified eyes upon her daughter. ‘Go to your closet now.' ‘No!' She felt her breath go thick with terror. ‘Go to your closet. Pray in secret. Ask forgiveness for your sins.' ‘I didn't sin, Momma. You sinned. You didn't tell me and they laughed.' Again she seemed to see a flash of fear in Momma's eyes, gone as quickly and soundlessly as summer lightning. Momma began to force Carrie toward the blue glare of the closet. ‘Pray to God and your sins may be washed away.' ‘Momma, you let me go.' ‘Pray, woman.' ‘I'll make the stones come again, Momma.' Momma halted. Even her breath seemed to stop in her throat for a moment. And then the hand tightened on her neck, tightened, until Carrie saw red, lurid dots in front of her eyes and felt her brain go fuzzy and far-off. Momma's magnified eyes swam in front of her. ‘You spawn of the devil,' she whispered. ‘Why was I so cursed?' Carrie's whirling mind strove to find something huge enough to express her agony, shame, terror, hate, fear. It seemed her whole life had narrowed to this miserable, beaten point of rebellion. Her eyes bulged crazily, her mouth, filled with spit, opened wide. ‘YOU SUCK!' she screamed. Momma hissed like a burned cat. ‘Sin!' she cried. ‘O, Sin! She began to beat Carrie's back, her neck, her head. Carrie was driven, reeling, into the close blue glare of the closet. ‘YOU FUCK!' Carrie screamed. (there there o there it's out how else do you think she got you o god o good) She was whirled into the closet headfirst and she struck the far wall and fell on the floor in a semidaze. The door slammed and the key turned. She was alone with Momma's angry God. The blue light glared on a picture, of a huge and bearded Yahweh who was casting screaming multitudes of humans down through cloudy depths into an abyss of fire. Below them, black horrid figures struggled through the flames of perdition while The Black Man sat on a huge flame-coloured throne with a trident in one hand. His body was that of a man, but he had a spiked tail and the head of a jackal.

Evaluating the Socio Economic Impact of the Structural Adjustment Program Essay

These have left most SSA countries with acute balance of payments (BOP) disequilibria and an inability to service their debts to foreign bodies. In an effort to tackle the economic crises and to stimulate economic recovery, most African countries had to adjust and re-structure their economies. According to Dasgupta (1998), structural adjustment was seen as a fact of life. Thus in the 1980s, most African countries initiated economic policies which were sponsored by the World Bank and supplemented by the International Monetary Fund(IMF) in the form of stabilisation and structural adjustment programmes (SAP). Between June 1986 and July 1987 alone twenty one SSA countries went through World Bank/IMF SAP. Generally, SAPs entail policies designed by the world Bank/IMF aimed at improving the socioeconomic conditions of implementing nations by restoring economic stability and achieving long term growth through addressing structural weakness, and disequilibria in among others government budgets and external sector. More precisely, they involve the adoption and implementation of policies such as currency devaluation, trade liberalization, privatization, and removal of subsidies etc. hich are perceived as means of reversing the pervasive social and economic problems of developing nations. There has been a considerable amount of literature on the effects of SAP measures on less developed countries (LDCs) with no apparent consensus. On the one hand, international financial institutions (IFIs) maintain that SAPs are vital tools for economic recovery and sustainable economic growth. On the other hand , many economists and social scientists argue that SAP measures have led to recessions and poor standards of living in developing countries (Jauch 1999). Thus, the impacts of SAPs remain highly controversial. Even though there are disparities as to the exact effects of SAPs, it is generally accepted that they have far reaching implications for not only the macroeconomic environment of the countries concerned but society at large (Mosley and Weeks, 1993, Riddle, 1992, Stein, 1992, El-Tom, 1994, World Bank, 1994). It is against this background that this dissertation attempts to study and analyse the effects of SAP on the Nigerian economy. The choice of Nigeria as a case study is due to the fact that it has implemented one of the most radical structural adjustment programmes in Africa. Thus the question which posed is, what impact if any has SAP had on the Nigerian economy. Before we proceed, it should be emphasised that this dissertation subsumes IMF stabilisation programmes under World Bank structural adjustment programmes. The reason for this is that the two programmes are intertwined and this is done also for simplicity. . 2 Aims and Objectives This paper aims to explore the role SAP has played in the Nigerian economy. The major objective of the project is to offer a better understanding as to why, what and how structural adjustment program in Nigeria evolved. The primary focal point is to inspect the basis for and causes of the reforms, formulation and implementation processes, and the reform outcomes. The precise objectives of the dissertation are as follows: First, to provide a better understanding of the backgr ound to the economic crises in Nigeria that led to SAP * Second, to outline the objectives of SAP and the reforms implemented by the Nigerian government * Third, to analyse the macroeconomic and social consequences of implementing SAP in Nigeria 1. 3 Methodology and data To evaluate the effects of SAP on the Nigerian economy, the dissertation applies so-called ‘before-after approach’ which in its essence compares the values of selected variables in the period before a program is implemented to those of post-implementation. This approach has been one of the most widely used when evaluating SAP. One of the main advantages of the approach is that it can give an insight into whether structural adjustment improved key economic indicators. The major shortcoming of the methodology employed in this paper is that it assumes that all outcomes are the result of the programme itself and thus does not take into account the impacts of others factors. Another limitation is that it does not reveal the causes of variable changes. However, in spite of the fact that the before-after approach may have some degree of bias as an estimation procedure, it nevertheless, has inherent objectivity and is relatively easy to employ. The dissertation relies on secondary data – mainly World Development Indicators. In addition, various government publications are utilised. In the case of Nigeria, the lack of data and the quality of data available had a major constraint on the study. The data were often found to be unavailable and there were discrepancies in the different data sources.

Workplace violence Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Workplace violence - Essay Example   In the US, Federal and state work safety laws compel employers to take rational and reasonable efforts to make sure that workplace is safe including the duty of reducing violence. The federal Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) and few other state agencies have in recent years issued guidelines for night retail establishments, health care operations and employees in a normal work setting. OSHA General Duty Clause compels that employers in a worksite provide a healthful and safe workplace for all employees covered by the Act. In accordance with laws, by effectively controlling and preventing workplace violence hazards and related threats; employers are better placed to protect employee and avoid worksite incidents. In addition, both state and Federal job discrimination laws require employers to implement various harassment policies and guidelines including taking speedy action this harassment happens. Sexual, racial, and other kinds of harassment at worksite may l ead to liability for compensatory as well as punitive damages. To start with, one of the preeminent protections the boss can offer to employees is to institute a zero-tolerance policy and attitude toward workplace violence. Such a policy should cover all workers and anybody else who may come in contact with organization personnel. Closely related to this the fact that the employer can provide various safety education for workers related to workplace violence such as informing victims their legal right to prosecute perpetrators.   

Practical Arbitration Issues - UK Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Practical Arbitration Issues - UK - Essay Example Preliminary Preparations Before the disputing parties appoint an arbitrator, one party has to provide a written request for arbitration to the respondent through an arbitration notice3. The arbitration process is assumed to begin at the point where a third party is appointed as arbitrator by agreement of the disputing parties. Having received a letter signed by two disputing parties appointing an arbitrator, it must be noted by the two parties that the arbitration process has formally begun. The parties to the dispute should be aware that the purpose of arbitration is to find a fair resolution of the contention without unnecessary expense or delay4. The parties should further be aware that they have the freedom to agree on how resolutions will be arrived at subject to the legal demands of public interest. Yet again, the parties must be aware that any court of law will not intervene in the arbitration process unless in the case of special appeal5. The arbitration process will begin by the summoning of the parties in dispute for the purpose of confirming their identity and status in relation to the matter in dispute. In order for the arbitrator to be adequately acquainted with the matter or terms of the development contract, the parties will have to submit a copy of the notice of arbitration and confirm that the process of appointing the arbitrator was valid. Furthermore, the parties will have to serve the arbitrator with the original (development) contract for inspection6. It is important that the jurisdiction of the arbitrator is clearly outlined in the early stages of the process. In this case, the arbitrator should reserve the right to rule substantively on their personal jurisdiction. Any objections that arise in respect of the arbitrator’s jurisdiction should be dealt with in line with the law as set out by the Arbitration Act7. In order for the process of arbitration to be effective, the parties must be able to hold meetings and make presentations. The parties in dispute will have to agree on the venue or seat of the arbitration8. The arbitrator, on their own judgement, may choose a seat in the event that the parties fail to agree on a particular seat9. Furthermore, it should be made clear that the statutory laws that will apply during the arbitration. In the case of residents in the UK, the Law of England and Wales may apply. Once the seat has been decided, a date should be set for the commencement of the arbitration, subject to the agreement of the relevant parties. While there are laws that will apply during the arbitration, it is important for the arbitrator to set out specific rules, in writing, that will apply in the process10. These terms and conditions will include elements related to the arbitrator’s independence, compensation, fines, and prohibition of ex parte communications of the parties with the arbitrator on the matter being arbitrated except for administrative purposes. These terms and conditions will be consented to and signed by the parties. The items in dispute will then be identified with both parties presenting their cases. At this point, any important issues related to the matter should be raised by the parties. In addition, arbitrator will identify and record the main contentious issues as well as issues that are contested to by both

Partnership Working Between Service Users And Mental Health Workers Essay

Partnership Working Between Service Users And Mental Health Workers - Essay Example The term users, not only applies to the people with mental disorders but also survivors, family members as well as providers of related services. According to Tait and Lester (2005), the conceptualization of users as providers, as reflected in the current trend of user-led services in UK provides a great opportunity for advancing the partnership working between service providers and the mental service users. The user- led services involve mental services carried out and managed by users through voluntary arrangements in conjunction with health care professionals. The concept of users-led services and the shift from institutionalized mental health care to the community-based care provide another great opportunity for partnership between the practitioners and the users. However, the partnership requires significant training of volunteers, promotion of personal support and user-led advocacy (Sherpherd, Boardman & Slade 2008). The practitioner-patient approach is based on the assumption that users have practical experience with the problems faced by people with mental disorders and therefore can provide the much needed understanding in delivering such services. The Need for a Shift in Attitudes among Practitioners and a Move away from the 'Us and Them' Approach The need for a shift in attitude among practitioners and moving from the ‘us and them’ approach can be attributed to the role of the user and practitioner partnership in the recovery of people with mental disorders. The relationship between the patients and clinicians requires a move from the expert/patient to a partnership in order to facilitate the process of recovery (Tait & Lester 2007). The concept of isolating people with mental disorders has been found to impart limited recovery achievements, with the social inclusion approach emerging as the most effective approach in caring for people with mental disorders. The move from the ‘us and them’ approach requires the recognition o f family members and other supporters crucial in the recovery of a patient as partners in the process of delivering mental health services. Effectiveness of the treatment and recovery process requires a collaborative effort between the practitioners and service users. The recovery approve has been proposed as one of the effective approaches in delivering mental health care services in different countries including United States, New Zealand, Australia and UK (Shepherd, Boardman & Slade 2008). This approach is founded on the basis of partnership between the service providers and service users in enhancing effectiveness of the health care services. The approach provides service users to participate actively in the delivery of the services rather emphasizing on expert/patient boundaries. The process of delivering effective health care interventions requires that health care practitioners shift their attitude from the expertise or authority status to personal coaches ready to offer thei r skills and learn from the patients or service users as well (Sherpherd, Boardman & Slade 2008). Practitioner-patient partnership requires significant trust, openness, honesty and support from both parties. Barriers to the Working Partnership and ways of overcoming them One of the greatest challenges in fostering working partnership between practitioners and mental health patients revolves around the lack of user empowerment. Families, patients